Brief introduction to remote sensing
Sensing refers to gathering information about anything, such as temperature, pressure, an image, etc., from a distance or from something that is not directly in physical contact. With no direct physical contact with the thing being studied, remote sensing is the process of gathering data, detecting, analysing, and monitoring the physical properties of an area by collecting radiation energy that is reflected and emitted. This is done by capturing the reflected radiation/energy by the students of top engineering colleges in Jaipur.
Types Of Remote Sensing
1. Active sensor
Like a satellite with a RADAR sensor, the sensor is the source of illumination inside itself. In order to scan the object, active sensors expend their own energy. Active remote sensing techniques like RADAR and LiDAR measure the lag time between emission and return.
2. Passive sensor
The sensors collect radiation that the object or its surroundings emit or reflect. The most frequent source of radiation detected by passive sensors is sunlight reflection. Radiometers, infrared cameras, and photography are a few examples of passive remote sensors. Because passive sensors produce high-quality satellite pictures, they are more often deployed. When it comes to technologically observing the earth, such as using multispectral and hyperspectral technologies, the passive sensor is superior.
Spectral Reflectance In Remote Sensing
Land-cover and land-use maps are required by the experts of best engineering college in Jaipur for many applications such as regions planning, landscape planning, and landscape ecology, agricultural management, and forestry.
Electromagnetic energy reaching the earth’s surface from the Sun is reflected, absorbed or transmitted. A basic assumption made in remote sensing is that specific study targets (different types of soils, water having different degrees of impurities, rocks of different lithologies, or vegetation of various species) have an individual and characteristic manner of interacting with incident radiation that is described by the spectral response of that study target.
The spectral reflectance can be affected by many factors such as soil nutrients, the growth stage of the vegetation, the color of the soil. In some instances, the interaction between incident radiation and earth’s surface object will be different from time to time, such as might be expected in the case of vegetation as it changes from the leafing stage, through maturity growth and, finally to senescence. The term ‘spectral signature’ is sometimes used to describe the spectral response curve for a study target.
Remote Sensing Major Applications Area
Satellites play a huge role in the development of many technologies like world mapping, GPS, City planning, etc. Remote Sensing is one of the many innovations made by the students of engineering colleges Jaipur that were possible, thanks to the satellites roaming around the earth.
Following are some major fields in what can remote sensing be used for Weather, Forestry, Agriculture, Surface changes, Biodiversity, and many more.
The primary application of remote sensing are as follows:
1. Analyzing the condition of rural roads
Rural road conditions are now possible to be analyzed using various GIS technique and Remote Sensing techniques with an inch to inch accuracy. It saves a lot of time and money from transporters.
2. Creating a base map for visual reference
Nowadays many modern mapping technologies are based on Remote Sensing including Google maps, open street maps, Bing maps, NASA’s Globe view, etc.
3. Computing snow pack
Snow melt ratio can be easily understood by the students of BTech colleges Jaipur using Remote Sensing technology, NASA uses LIDAR along with a spectrometer in order to measure the absorption of sunlight.
4. Collecting earth’s pictures from space
Many space organizations have a collection containing images of earth. Interesting patterns of earth’s geometry including atmosphere, oceans, land, etc can be seen in it. EO-1, Terra, and Landsat are used to collect this data.
5. Controlling forest fires
Information acquired by satellites using Remote Sensing enables firefighters to be dispatched on time and over correct locations so the damage from such fires can be decreased to minimal.
6. Detecting land use and land cover
Remote Sensing technologies are used to determine various physical properties of land and also what it is being used for (land use).
7. Estimating forest supplies
MODIS, AVHRR, and SPOT are regularly used to measure the increment/decrement in global forests since forests are the source of valuable materials such as paper, packaging, construction materials, etc.
8. Locating construction and building alteration
Tax revenue agencies use satellite data in several countries including Greece, Athens, etc. They locate signs of wealth using this technology. Early in the year of 2013, there were 15000 swimming pools (unclaimed to steal taxes) in those countries.
9. Figuring out fraud insurance claims
Many insurance companies use Landsat’s red and infrared channels to figure out vegetation growth in particular land. This information can be used to verify seeded crops and fight against crop insurance fraud.
10. Observing climate changes
Satellites such as CERES, MODIS, AMSRE, TRMM, and MOPITT has made it possible by the students of private engineering colleges in Jaipur to observe climate changes from up above the skies. It is also possible to compare past climate situation with the current one.
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